Search results for "Muscle tone"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
The Current State of Knowledge on the Clinical and Methodological Aspects of Extracorporeal Shock Waves Therapy in the Management of Post-Stroke Spas…
2021
In many patients after stroke, spasticity develops over time, resulting in a decrease in the patient’s independence, pain, worsening mood, and, consequently, lower quality of life. In the last ten years, a rich arsenal of physical agents to reduce muscle tone such as extracorporeal shock therapy (ESWT) wave has come through. The aim of this narrative review article is to present the current state of knowledge on the use of ESWT as a supplement to the comprehensive rehabilitation of people after stroke suffering from spasticity. The PubMed and PEDro databases were searched for papers published in English from January 2000 to December 2020, 22 of which met inclusion criteria for clinical stud…
Muscle tone in different joint positions and at submaximal isometric torque levels
2007
The aim was to evaluate the tone and electric activity of the quadriceps muscle at rest and different torque levels. The second aim was to study whether thickness of soft tissues and change in the joint position would affect muscle tone. Eighteen healthy subjects participated. Computerized muscle tonometer (CMT) and surface electromyography (sEMG) measurements were performed: seated, first at rest with leg straight and then with the knee at 60 degrees . Thereafter measurements were obtained at levels of 80, 60, 40 and 20% of the maximum isometric torque at the same knee angle. Thickness of skin, subcutis and muscle was measured by ultrasound. The CMT values taken were the depth the indenter…
Stance control is not affected by paresis and reflex hyperexcitability: the case of spastic patients.
2001
OBJECTIVES Spastic patients were studied to understand whether stance unsteadiness is associated with changes in the control of voluntary force, muscle tone, or reflex excitability, rather than to abnormal posture connected to the motor deficit itself. METHODS Twenty four normal subjects, 12 patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), seven by spastic paraparesis, and 14 by hemiparesis were studied. All patients featured various degrees of spasticity and paresis but were free from clinically evident sensory deficits. Body sway during quiet upright stance was assessed through a stabilometric platform under both eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions. The sudden rotation…
Sympathetic activity at rest and motor brain areas: FDG-PET study.
2008
Although recent studies identified brain areas which are involved in short term activation of the sympathetic nervous system, little is known about brain mechanisms which generate the individual variability of basal autonomic activity. In this fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography study (FDG-PET), we aimed to identify brain regions, which covary with function parameters of the autonomic nervous system at rest. Therefore, FDG-PET (Siemens, Germany) was performed twice in 14 healthy resting subjects (7 m, 7 f; mean age 29.5 years) while different parameters of autonomic function were assessed simultaneously: Blood pressure, heart rate, power spectra of heart rate variability (HF/LF …
Network Physiology of Cortico–Muscular Interactions
2020
Skeletal muscle activity is continuously modulated across physiologic states to provide coordination, flexibility and responsiveness to body tasks and external inputs. Despite the central role the muscular system plays in facilitating vital body functions, the network of brain-muscle interactions required to control hundreds of muscles and synchronize their activation in relation to distinct physiologic states has not been investigated. Recent approaches have focused on general associations between individual brain rhythms and muscle activation during movement tasks. However, the specific forms of coupling, the functional network of cortico-muscular coordination, and how network structure a…
Pilot randomized controlled trial to assess a physical therapy program on upper extremity function to counteract inactivity in chronic stroke.
2016
In chronic stroke, feasible physical therapy (PT) programs are needed to promote function throughout life.This randomized controlled pilot trial investigated the feasibility and effect of a PT program composed of strengthening exercises with elastic bands and bimanual functional training, with clearly defined doses based on the rate of perceived exertion (Borg scale), to counteract inactivity in chronic stroke.Fifteen subjects 6 month post-stroke were randomized to three-month of UE function training (UE group), or to lower extremity function training (LE group). At baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1) and three-month follow-up (T2) assessment included the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale (FMA…
SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with micturition syncope: Our experience with 4 case reports.
2020
Abstract Rationale: Syncope is described as the loss of consciousness and postural muscle tone with a short duration and fast onset. Micturition syncope can be caused by abnormal vasovagal response or by the dysfunction of the blood pressure regulating mechanism, which occurs before, during, or immediately after urination. Patient concerns: We present 4 cases of COVID-19 hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases of the Academic Emergency Hospital Sibiu, Romania, cases that presented micturition syncope. Diagnoses: During hospitalization, patients confirmed with SARS-Cov-2 infection using real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, presented micturit…
The effects of LSD in the guinea-pig ileum
1985
The effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on acetylcholine release and on smooth muscle tone were studied in the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation of the guinea pig. LSD (0.01-10 microM) depressed in a concentration-dependent manner the electrically-evoked [3H]-acetylcholine outflow from strips preincubated with [3H]-choline. The maximal effect was a 45% inhibition by 1 microM LSD. The spontaneous outflow was not affected. Metitepine competitively antagonized (pA2 8.0) the LSD-induced reduction of the evoked outflow. Tolazoline and mepyramine did not affect the inhibitory action of LSD. The contractions in response to electrical stimulation were enhanced by 34% in the p…
Biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of the ankle muscles in men with previous history of ankle sprain
2020
Abstract In this study, we aimed to explore the impact of previous history of lateral ankle sprain on the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and medialis (GM) in asymptomatic men. For this purpose, a group of 26 men with previous history of lateral ankle sprain (ASG) and a control group (CG) of 29 healthy counter-parts participated in this study. Tone, stiffness, elasticity and mechanical stress relaxation time were measured using a myotonometer in a single session. Higher tone was noted for TA and GL in ASG as compared to CG (effect size of Cohen’s d = 0.57 [p = 0.04] and 0.59 [p = 0.04], respectively)…
REM sleep behavior disorder in a patient with frontotemporal dementia
2010
We describe a patient with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a tauopathy, who also showed clinical and polysomnographic features of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). The patient is a 78-year-old male with a 1 year history of behavioral dysfunction involving emotion, character and social functioning. Brain imaging and the results of neuropsychological testing were consistent with a diagnosis of FTD. Sleep symptom onset occurred some years before the behavioral changes, and consisted of unpleasant dreams, vocalization, and prominent motor behaviors. A polysomnography confirmed the diagnosis of RBD. Our findings support the hypothesis that RBD, although more frequent in synucleinopathies, might …